---
title: Making Statistics Sweet on Valentine's Day with Minitab Software
description: Making Statistics Sweet on Valentine's Day
image: https://blog.minitab.com/hubfs/B2BML%20-%20NEW%20FILE%20MANAGER%20STRUCTURE/Blog%20Images/Imported_Blog_Media/v_daymms-3.jpg
---

English

- [English](https://blog.minitab.com/en/?hsLang=en)
- [Français](https://blog.minitab.com/fr/?hsLang=en)
- [Deutsch](https://blog.minitab.com/de/?hsLang=en)
- [Português](https://blog.minitab.com/pt/?hsLang=en)
- [Español](https://blog.minitab.com/es/?hsLang=en)
- [日本語](https://blog.minitab.com/ja/?hsLang=en)
- [한국어](https://blog.minitab.com/ko/?hsLang=en)
- [中文（简体）](https://blog.minitab.com/zh/?hsLang=en)

- [![Icon Partners](https://blog.minitab.com/hubfs/WCM/Partners.png) Partners](https://www.minitab.com/en-us/company/partners/)
- [![Icon Contact](https://blog.minitab.com/hubfs/WCM/Contact.png) Contact](https://www.minitab.com/en-us/company/contact-us/)
- [![Icon Talk to Minitab](https://blog.minitab.com/hubfs/WCM/Phone.png) Talk to Minitab](https://www.minitab.com/en-us/talk-to-minitab/)
- [![Icon My Account](https://blog.minitab.com/hubfs/WCM/MyAcct.png) My Account](https://licensing.minitab.com/account/manage)

[![Minitab](https://blog.minitab.com/hubfs/WCM/minitab-corp-logo.svg)](https://www.minitab.com/en-us/)

- Products
  
  Back
  
  [Products](https://www.minitab.com/en-us/products/)
  
  [All Products](https://www.minitab.com/en-us/products/) 
    - [Minitab Solution Center](https://www.minitab.com/en-us/products/minitab-solution-center/)
    - [Minitab Statistical Software](https://www.minitab.com/en-us/products/minitab/)
    - [Minitab Connect](https://www.minitab.com/en-us/products/connect/)
    - [Minitab Model Ops](https://www.minitab.com/en-us/products/model-ops/)
    - [Minitab Education Hub](https://www.minitab.com/en-us/products/education-hub/)
    - [Minitab Engage](https://www.minitab.com/en-us/products/engage/)
    - [Minitab Workspace](https://www.minitab.com/en-us/products/workspace/)
    - [Real-Time SPC](https://www.minitab.com/en-us/products/real-time-spc/)
    - [Prolink Data Collection & SPC](https://www.minitab.com/en-us/products/prolink)
    - [Simul8 Discrete Event Simulation](https://info.minitab.com/en/new-to-simul8?hsLang=en)
    - [SPM](https://www.minitab.com/en-us/products/spm/)
- Solutions
  
  Back
  
  [Solutions](https://www.minitab.com/en-us/solutions/)
  
  [All Solutions](https://www.minitab.com/en-us/solutions/) 
    - [Analytics](https://www.minitab.com/en-us/solutions/analytics/)
    - [Statistics & Predictive Analytics](https://www.minitab.com/en-us/solutions/analytics/statistical-analysis-predictive-analytics/)
    - [Data Science & Machine Learning](https://www.minitab.com/en-us/solutions/analytics/data-science-machine-learning/)
    - [Business Analytics & Intelligence](https://www.minitab.com/en-us/solutions/analytics/business-analytics-intelligence/)
    - [Statistical Process Control](https://www.minitab.com/en-us/solutions/analytics/statistical-process-control/)
    - [Quality Analytics](https://www.minitab.com/en-us/solutions/analytics/quality-analytics/)
    - [Live Analytics](https://www.minitab.com/en-us/solutions/analytics/live-analytics/)
    - [Reliability & Life Data Analysis](https://www.minitab.com/en-us/solutions/analytics/reliability/)
    - [Discrete Event Simulation](https://info.minitab.com/en/new-to-simul8?hsLang=en)
    - [Process Mining](https://info.minitab.com/en/new-to-simul8?hsLang=en)
    - [Key Capabilities](https://www.minitab.com/en-us/solutions/key-capabilities/)
    - [Continuous Improvement](https://www.minitab.com/en-us/solutions/key-capabilities/continuous-improvement/)
    - [Data Integration & Data Prep](https://www.minitab.com/en-us/solutions/key-capabilities/data-integration-data-prep/)
    - [Diagramming & Mind Mapping](https://www.minitab.com/en-us/solutions/key-capabilities/diagramming-mind-mapping/)
    - [Digital Twins](https://info.minitab.com/en/new-to-simul8?hsLang=en)
    - [Model Deployment & ML Ops](https://www.minitab.com/en-us/solutions/key-capabilities/model-deployment-ml-ops/)
    - [Innovation & Project Management](https://www.minitab.com/en-us/solutions/key-capabilities/innovation-project-management/)
    - [Process Excellence: Detect, Correct & Prevent](https://www.minitab.com/en-us/solutions/key-capabilities/process-excellence/)
    - [Featured Industries](https://www.minitab.com/en-us/solutions/industry/)
    - [Academic](https://www.minitab.com/en-us/solutions/industry/academic/)
    - [Energy & Natural Resources](https://www.minitab.com/en-us/solutions/industry/energy-resources/)
    - [Government & Public Sector](https://www.minitab.com/en-us/solutions/industry/government/)
    - [Healthcare](https://www.minitab.com/en-us/solutions/industry/healthcare/)
    - [Insurance](https://www.minitab.com/en-us/solutions/industry/insurance/)
    - [Manufacturing & Industrial](https://www.minitab.com/en-us/solutions/industry/manufacturing-industrial/)
    - [Services](https://www.minitab.com/en-us/solutions/industry/service-industries/)
    - [Software & Technology](https://www.minitab.com/en-us/solutions/industry/software-technology/)
    - [Construction](https://www.minitab.com/en-us/solutions/industry/construction/)
    - [Featured Roles](https://www.minitab.com/en-us/solutions/role/)
    - [Engineering](https://www.minitab.com/en-us/solutions/role/engineering/)
    - [Business Analysis](https://www.minitab.com/en-us/solutions/role/business-analysts/)
    - [Information Technology](https://www.minitab.com/en-us/solutions/role/information-technology/)
    - [Supply Chain](https://www.minitab.com/en-us/solutions/role/supply-chain/)
    - [Customer Service & Contact Center](https://www.minitab.com/en-us/solutions/role/customer-service-contact-center/)
    - [Human Resources](https://www.minitab.com/en-us/solutions/role/human-resources/)
    - [Marketing](https://www.minitab.com/en-us/solutions/role/marketing/)
    - [Research and Development](https://www.minitab.com/en-us/solutions/role/research-and-development/)
- Resources & Services
  
  Back
  
  [Resources & Services](https://www.minitab.com/en-us/resources-services/)
  
  [All Resources & Services](https://www.minitab.com/en-us/resources-services/) 
    - [Resources](https://www.minitab.com/en-us/resources-services/resources/)
    - [Case Studies](https://www.minitab.com/en-us/resources-services/resources/case-studies/)
    - [eBooks & White Papers](https://www.minitab.com/en-us/resources-services/resources/ebooks-and-white-papers/)
    - [Blog](https://blog.minitab.com/blog/?hsLang=en)
    - [Data Sets](https://www.minitab.com/en-us/resources-services/resources/data-set/)
    - [Webinars & Events](https://www.minitab.com/en-us/resources-services/resources/events/)
    - [Education Hub](https://www.minitab.com/en-us/resources-services/resources/education-hub/)
    - [Services](https://www.minitab.com/en-us/resources-services/services/)
    - [Training](https://www.minitab.com/en-us/resources-services/services/training/)
    - [Deployment](https://www.minitab.com/en-us/resources-services/services/deployment/)
    - [Consulting](https://www.minitab.com/en-us/resources-services/services/statistical-consulting/)
    - [Self-Paced Learning](https://www.minitab.com/en-us/resources-services/services/self-paced-learning/)
    - [Continuing Education](https://www.minitab.com/en-us/resources-services/services/continuing-education/)
- Support
  
  Back
  
  [Support](https://www.minitab.com/en-us/support/)
  
  [Technical Support](https://www.minitab.com/en-us/support/) 
    - [Subscriptions & Activation](https://www.minitab.com/en-us/support/subscriptions-and-activation/)
    - [Minitab Quick Start](https://www.minitab.com/en-us/support/quick-start/)
    - [Training](https://www.minitab.com/en-us/resources-services/services/training/)
    - [Installation Support](https://www.minitab.com/en-us/support/installation/)
    - [Support Videos](https://www.minitab.com/en-us/support/videos/)
    - [Support Documentation](https://www.minitab.com/en-us/support/documents/)
    - [Software Updates](https://www.minitab.com/en-us/support/software-updates/)
    - [Product Downloads](https://www.minitab.com/en-us/support/downloads/)
    - [Support Policy](https://www.minitab.com/en-us/support/policy/)
- Company
  
  Back
  
  [Company](https://www.minitab.com/en-us/company/)
  
  [Company](https://www.minitab.com/en-us/company/) 
    - [About Us](https://www.minitab.com/en-us/company/our-company/)
    - [Leadership Team](https://www.minitab.com/en-us/company/leadership-team/)
    - [Partners](https://www.minitab.com/en-us/company/partners/)
    - [Careers](https://www.minitab.com/en-us/company/careers/)
    - [Contact](https://www.minitab.com/en-us/company/contact-us/)
    - [News](https://www.minitab.com/en-us/company/press-releases/)

[Try/Buy](https://www.minitab.com/en-us/try-buy/)

- [Statistics](https://blog.minitab.com/en/blog/tag/statistics)
- [Data Analysis](https://blog.minitab.com/en/blog/tag/data-analysis)
  
    - <https://www.minitab.com/en-us/>
- [Quality Improvement](https://blog.minitab.com/en/blog/tag/quality-improvement)

- [Subscribe](https://info.minitab.com/blog/subscribe?hsLang=en)

![Minitab](https://20853177.fs1.hubspotusercontent-na1.net/hubfs/20853177/minitab-corp-logo.svg?t=1755011311618)

## Notice

You are now leaving minitab.com.

 Click Continue to proceed to:

 Continue

 Go Back

# Making Statistics Sweet on Valentine's Day

 Minitab Blog Editor  |  2/13/2013

 Topics: [holidays](https://blog.minitab.com/en/blog/tag/holidays), [Data Analysis](https://blog.minitab.com/en/blog/tag/data-analysis), [Statistics](https://blog.minitab.com/en/blog/tag/statistics)

- [Share](https://www.linkedin.com/shareArticle?mini=true&url=https://blog.minitab.com/en/blog/real-world-quality-improvement/making-statistics-sweet-on-valentines-day)
- [Share](https://www.facebook.com/sharer.php?u=https://blog.minitab.com/en/blog/real-world-quality-improvement/making-statistics-sweet-on-valentines-day)

Planning on giving a bag of M&M's to your sweetie this Valentine's Day? Well, you can woo your Valentine with not only the gift of candy, but also the statistics behind those candy-coated chocolate pieces.

## **Are there equal amounts of each color in a bag?**

You can record your counts of each color in the bag in a Minitab worksheet, and then use a pie chart (Graph > Pie Chart) to visualize the counts:

![Minitab Worksheet](https://blog.minitab.com/hubfs/B2BML%20-%20NEW%20FILE%20MANAGER%20STRUCTURE/Blog%20Images/Imported_Blog_Media/worksheet-Jul-05-2025-10-58-38-8393-PM.jpg)       

![Minitab Pie Chart](https://blog.minitab.com/hubfs/B2BML%20-%20NEW%20FILE%20MANAGER%20STRUCTURE/Blog%20Images/Imported_Blog_Media/m_ms-Jul-05-2025-10-58-34-4991-PM.jpg)

There were 138 blue M&M’s and only 63 red M&M’s in our sample. But is the difference between these counts statistically significant? A Chi-square test can tell us:

![Minitab Chi-Square Test](https://blog.minitab.com/hubfs/B2BML%20-%20NEW%20FILE%20MANAGER%20STRUCTURE/Blog%20Images/Imported_Blog_Media/chisquare-Jul-05-2025-10-58-37-5781-PM.jpg)

The p-value of 0.000 suggests that the observed counts are significantly different than what we would expect to see if there were an equal number of red, orange, yellow, green, blue and brown M&M’s. To perform your own Chi-Square test in Minitab, use **Stat > Tables > Chi-Square Goodness-of-Fit Test (One Variable)**.

This example was done with the typical multi-color bag of M&M’s, but it could certainly be done with your bag of festive white, pink, and red M&M’s for V-Day!

## **Do enough M&M’s have the “m”?**

M&M’s are easily identified by the signature “m” printed on each piece of candy. It must pose a quite challenge to stamp the familiar symbol on a surface as uneven as a peanut M&M. It’s not surprising to see that sometimes this “m” is not perfectly printed.

Suppose there is a requirement that no more than 15% of M&M’s have a misprinted “m.” If we count the total number of M&M’s and the number with misprints, we can conduct a 1 proportion test (**Stat > Basic Statistics > 1 Proportion**):

![Minitab 1-Proportion Test](https://blog.minitab.com/hubfs/B2BML%20-%20NEW%20FILE%20MANAGER%20STRUCTURE/Blog%20Images/Imported_Blog_Media/capture1-Jul-05-2025-10-58-36-5177-PM.jpg)

Of the 622 M&M’s we evaluated (what can I say – we really like M&M’s!), 87 had misprints. Using a 1 proportion test and an alternative hypothesis of greater than 15%, we get at p-value of 0.776. Because the p-value is greater than an α equal to 0.05, we can conclude that the proportion of misprinted M&M’s is 15% or less.

## **What else can you find out about your bag of M&Ms?**

There are many other analyses you could perform on your M&M’s! Let us know in the comments what else you find out about your candy.

For more, check out this special Valentine’s trick to impress your favorite quality engineer: [http://blog.minitab.com/blog/real-world-quality-improvement/valentines-day-statistics](https://blog.minitab.com/blog/real-world-quality-improvement/valentines-day-statistics?hsLang=en) and this [teaching resource](http://www.minitab.com/Published-Articles/Sweetening-Statistics--What-M-M-s-Can-Teach-Us/) that explores more ways to learn statistics with M&M’s.

## You Might Also Like

<https://blog.minitab.com/en/blog/new-minitab-updates-unite-data-collection-preparation-and-predictive-analytics?hsLang=en>

[New Minitab Updates Unite Data Collection, Preparation, and Predictive Analytics](https://blog.minitab.com/en/blog/new-minitab-updates-unite-data-collection-preparation-and-predictive-analytics?hsLang=en)

[Data Preparation](https://blog.minitab.com/en/blog/tag/data-preparation)  | 5 Minute Read

<https://blog.minitab.com/en/blog/artemis-ii-heat-shield-how-do-you-decide-under-uncertainty?hsLang=en>

[Artemis II Heat Shield: How Do You Decide in Uncertain Conditions?](https://blog.minitab.com/en/blog/artemis-ii-heat-shield-how-do-you-decide-under-uncertainty?hsLang=en)

[Data Analysis](https://blog.minitab.com/en/blog/tag/data-analysis)  | 4 Minute Read

<https://blog.minitab.com/en/blog/6-trends-shaping-business-decisions-in-2026?hsLang=en>

[6 Trends Shaping Business Decisions in 2026](https://blog.minitab.com/en/blog/6-trends-shaping-business-decisions-in-2026?hsLang=en)

[Oee](https://blog.minitab.com/en/blog/tag/oee)  | 8 Minute Read

---

- [Careers](https://www.minitab.com/en-us/company/careers/)
- [Trust Center](https://www.minitab.com/en-us/trust-center/)
- [Suppliers](https://www.minitab.com/en-us/suppliers/)
- [Site Map](https://www.minitab.com/en-us/site-map/)

- [![linkedin](https://blog.minitab.com/hubfs/WCM/linkedin-1.png)](https://www.linkedin.com/company/minitab/)
- [![facebook](https://blog.minitab.com/hubfs/WCM/facebook.png)](https://www.facebook.com/Minitab/)
- [![youtube](https://blog.minitab.com/hubfs/WCM/youtube.png)](https://www.youtube.com/user/MinitabInc)
- [![instagram](https://blog.minitab.com/hubfs/WCM/instagram.png)](https://www.instagram.com/minitab/)

---

© 2025 Minitab, LLC. All Rights Reserved.

- [Terms of Use](https://www.minitab.com/en-us/legal/terms-of-use/)
- [Privacy Policy](https://www.minitab.com/en-us/legal/privacy-policy/)
- [Legal](https://www.minitab.com/en-us/legal/)

- Cookies Settings